Many aftermarket wheels will have larger diameter hub openings. If you have matched the bolt pattern, you could just bolt the wheel in place, but you would be relying on the lugs to center the wheel (a lug centric set-up). To make your aftermarket wheel hub centric, you can get adapter rings to increase the size of the hub.
This is the assembly with the adapter in place. The red dot shows where the stock wheel would rest, and the blue dot shows where the aftermarket wheel rests. The plastic ring converts the wheel/hub to the more desireable hub centric set-up.

To prevent comebacks and complaints about vibration problems that wonﾃつｴt show up even when you re-balance, make sure that the wheel is properly centered onto the hub to achieve concentric operation.

In other words, the center of the wheel must align with the center of the hub so that the tire rolls down the road without excessive radial runout.

One of two methods are used to properly center the wheel: hubcentric locating and lugcentric locating. Hubcentric means that the wheel relies on its centering at the hub, while lugcentric wheels rely on fastener alignment alone. (SORTA LIKE OUR OEM WHEELS???)

If the wheel is centered using a hubcentric approach, the true centering of the wheel to the hub/axle centerline is handled by the fit of the wheelﾃつｴs center hole female rear face over a male shoulder that surrounds the hub center.

If the wheel is centered using a lugcentric method, wheel centering position is determined by matching the wheel holes relative to the wheel studs. This assumes that the wheelﾃつｴs fastener holes will precisely locate over the studs, when clamped with nuts, to align the wheel center to the hub axle center.

How can you identify the type of centering method? If the rear of the wheel features a distinct female recess that fits snugly over the hubﾃつｴs raised (male) center flange, the wheel is hubcentric. If the rear of the wheelﾃつｴs center hole does not feature a machined recess, or if the hub face does not feature a raised male lip surrounding its center, the wheel is lugcentric.

INSTALLATION

When installing hubcentric wheels, the wheel must be fully seated so that the center female relief engages over the hubﾃつｴs male locating lip. Always make sure you follow the correct tightening sequence.

When installing a lugcentric wheel, itﾃつｴs very important to avoid allowing the wheel to simply "hang" on the studs while installing the nuts. Hold the wheel flat to the hub face, and gradually snug the nuts, again following the correct tightening sequence (apply even clamping pressure across the wheelﾃつｴs bolt pattern).

If the wheelﾃつｴs bolt holes are somewhat forgiving (larger than necessary), itﾃつｴs possible to tighten the wheel slightly off-center. This will result in easy threading of some nuts, while others may require additional force because they are experiencing too much sidewall friction on one side of the hole.

Lugcentric wheels, by virtue of relying on proper (and equal) centering of each wheel bolt hole over each hub stud, are extremely susceptible to off-centering if the wheelﾃつｴs bolt holes are damaged (elongated) through abuse. Wheel bolt-hole damage is cause for concern on any wheel, but can result in wheel centering problems and subsequent radial runout on a lugcentric style attachment. Hubcentric wheels are less prone to be affected, since centering relies on the wheel center-to-hub-center mating.

OE VS. AFTERMARKET

Hubcentric wheels may be designed as vehicle-specific. This means that the female recess on the rear of the wheelﾃつｴs center hole may be machined to precisely fit over the hubﾃつｴs male centering lip.

However, many aftermarket custom wheels may be designed to fit a number of different vehicle applications, in order to reduce SKUs. In this case, the wheelﾃつｴs female recess may be maximized to fit the largest diameter hub center.

In order to fit the same wheel onto vehicles that feature smaller diameter hub centers, alloy or plastic hubcentric spacers are necessary. The spacerﾃつｴs OD (outside diameter) is designed to fit the wheelﾃつｴs large recess, and the spacerﾃつｴs ID (inside diameter) is sized to fit specific smaller hub center flanges.

A variety of spacers are available with ID dimensions to fit the hub lip OD of all vehicles intended for that specific wheel. These spacers simply snap into the rear of the wheelﾃつｴs center recess, and are held captive to the wheel. These spacers usually are designed to prevent sticking (via electrolysis) to the wheel or hub (plastic spacers or anodized alloy).

If the set of wheels you ordered for a specific vehicle are designed for hubcentric centering, donﾃつｴt blindly assume that you can simply bolt the wheels on and go. Pay attention to the fit of the wheelﾃつｴs rear center recess to the hub male center flange. If it does not fit snugly (far too loose), hubcentric spacers may be needed.

Usually, aftermarket wheels are shipped with spacers when needed to suit the particular vehicle. Always check with your supplier to determine if spacers are needed for a specific vehicle application.

The centerbore of a wheel is the size of the machined hole on the back of the wheel that centers the wheel properly on the hub of the car. Centerbores on wheels are typically a standard size by brand or size (measured in inches or mm). Hub sizes vary by vehicle brand and style.

When this hole is machined to exactly match the hub so the wheels are precisely positioned, minimizing the chance of a vibration, it is said that the wheel is ﾃ｢竄ｬﾅ塗ub centricﾃ｢竄ｬﾂ�.

Some wheels require centering rings that lock into place in the back of the wheel in order to become hub centric and reduce the risk of vibration while driving. This is an acceptable alternative.

If you donﾃ｢竄ｬ邃｢t not have hub centric wheels (lug centric), they should be torqued correctly while the vehicle is still off of the ground so they center properly. The weight of the vehicle can push the wheel off-center slightly while you're tightening them down if left on the ground.